Enteritis refers to inflammation of the small intestine, specifically the mucosal lining. It is a condition characterized by symptoms such as abdominal pain, diarrhea, and possible vomiting. The inflammation can occur due to various causes, including infections, such as viral or bacterial enteritis, as well as non-infectious factors like allergies, food intolerances, or certain medications.
The inflammation in enteritis affects the lining of the small intestine, which can disrupt the normal digestive process and reduce nutrient absorption. This can lead to malnutrition, weight loss, and fatigue. The symptoms of enteritis can vary in severity, ranging from mild discomfort to severe abdominal pain and frequent watery stools.
Enteritis is commonly diagnosed through a combination of medical history evaluation, physical examination, and laboratory tests. Treatment options depend on the underlying cause. In cases of infectious enteritis, antibiotics or antiviral drugs may be prescribed, while non-infectious cases may require dietary changes, such as a temporary switch to a bland or low-fiber diet. Medications to relieve symptoms like diarrhea and pain may also be recommended.
Complications of enteritis can include dehydration due to fluid loss from diarrhea and vomiting, as well as electrolyte imbalances. Prompt diagnosis and treatment are important to avoid these complications and to manage the underlying cause effectively.
