ELEVENTH CHORD Meaning and
Definition
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An eleventh chord is a harmonic structure commonly utilized in music theory consisting of at least four different pitches. It is formed by combining a triad, which includes the root, third, and fifth, with the addition of the eleventh note of the scale. In traditional classical music theory, the term "eleventh chord" refers to a seventh chord with the added note, whereas in jazz and popular music, it often encompasses the use of the ninth as well.
The eleventh note is typically added to the seventh chord by extending the harmony beyond the basic triadic structure. This additional note, which is eleven scale degrees above the root, lends the chord a unique and rich sonority. However, in practice, certain intervals within the chord may be omitted, such as the fifth or even the root, depending on the context and function of the chord in the musical progression.
Eleventh chords are frequently used in compositions, particularly in jazz and contemporary genres, to create a more complex and colorful harmonic texture. The chord's lush and open sound can provide a sense of tension and release, adding depth and sophistication to the overall musical arrangement. The distinct character and versatility of the eleventh chord make it an essential component in the jazz improvisation vocabulary, offering musicians a broad palette of harmonic possibilities to explore.
Etymology of ELEVENTH CHORD
The etymology of the word "eleventh chord" can be broken down as follows:
1. "Eleventh": This word comes from the Old English word "endleofan", which is a combination of "endleofe" (eleven) and "-an" (a suffix indicating a number). In Old English, "endleofan" was derived from the Proto-Germanic root "*ainalif", which also means "eleven". This root can be further traced back to the Proto-Indo-European root "*oynos", meaning "one".
2. "Chord": The word "chord" has its origins in the Latin word "chorda", which was borrowed from the Greek word "khordē". In music theory, a chord refers to a harmonic combination of three or more notes played simultaneously. The term came into use in the English language around the 15th century.
