The European Court of Human Rights (ECHR) is an international judicial body established by the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR). It is an important institution within the Council of Europe, independent from the European Union. The ECHR primarily ensures the protection of fundamental human rights and freedoms for all individuals within the jurisdiction of the member states.
The ECHR operates as a court of last resort, meaning that individuals can only approach it once they have exhausted all available domestic legal remedies. It receives applications from individuals, groups, or organizations claiming violations of their rights under the European Convention on Human Rights. The Court examines these applications to determine whether a violation has occurred, taking into account the circumstances and the obligations of the states involved.
The ECHR is composed of judges serving renewable nine-year terms, each representing the number of member states. The Court examines cases through a fair and impartial process, conducting hearings and issuing judgments that are legally binding on the states involved. Its jurisdiction extends to a wide range of issues, including freedom of expression, right to a fair trial, prohibition of torture, and respect for private and family life, among others.
The ECHR plays a crucial role in protecting human rights and enhancing the rule of law within Europe. Its decisions and jurisprudence have a significant impact on member states, influencing their legislative frameworks and societal norms related to human rights. By upholding the European Convention on Human Rights, the ECHR contributes to fostering a culture of respect for fundamental freedoms and dignity across Europe.
