Early Modern Medicine refers to the medical practices, theories, and advancements that emerged during the period from approximately the late 15th century to the late 18th century in Europe, which marked the transition from the Middle Ages to the Modern Era. It encompasses the time period following the medieval humoral theory where medical knowledge began to gradually shift towards a more evidence-based approach.
During the early modern period, medical practices started to become more scientifically grounded and focused on empirical observation, experimentation, and anatomical dissection. With the advent of the Renaissance and the Scientific Revolution, significant advancements were made in understanding human anatomy, physiology, and pathology. This led to an increasing emphasis on anatomical accuracy and the development of medical illustrations.
Prominent figures in early modern medicine include Andreas Vesalius, William Harvey, and Thomas Sydenham, who made significant contributions to the understanding of the human body and the practice of medicine. Vesalius, for instance, revolutionized anatomical studies with his detailed drawings and dissections, while Harvey's discovery of the circulation of blood challenged traditional beliefs.
Other developments in early modern medicine include the widespread use of herbal remedies, the establishment of hospitals, increased attention to hygiene and sanitation, and the application of mercury in the treatment of various diseases. Furthermore, this period is notable for the rise of medical institutions and the professionalization of medical practitioners.
Overall, early modern medicine represents a pivotal era in the history of medicine, where the transition from medieval beliefs to a more scientific and evidence-based approach laid the foundation for modern medical practices.
