E. coli, short for Escherichia coli, is a type of bacteria commonly found in the intestines of humans and animals. While most strains of E. coli are harmless and even beneficial to the digestive system, certain strains can cause infections.
An E. coli infection, also known as Escherichia coli infection or simply E. coli infection, refers to the colonization and subsequent invasion of the body by pathogenic strains of E. coli. These infections can affect various parts of the body, but they are most commonly associated with gastrointestinal infections, specifically foodborne illness.
The symptoms of an E. coli infection can vary depending on the specific strain involved, but they often include severe diarrhea, abdominal cramps, and nausea. In some cases, the infection can progress to a more serious condition called hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS), which may cause kidney failure and can be life-threatening, especially in young children and the elderly.
E. coli infections are primarily transmitted through the consumption of contaminated food or water, though person-to-person contact can also play a role in the spread of the bacteria. Contaminated raw or undercooked meats, unpasteurized dairy products, and fresh produce are common sources of E. coli infection.
Prevention of E. coli infection involves practicing good hygiene, thoroughly cooking foods and avoiding cross-contamination, and ensuring the consumption of safe, properly handled foods. Treatment for E. coli infections typically involves supportive measures such as rehydration and in severe cases, antibiotics may be required.
