DNA TRANSFECTION Meaning and
Definition
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DNA transfection is a laboratory technique used to introduce foreign DNA into cells to alter their genetic composition. It involves the transfer of exogenous DNA molecules into the cytoplasm or nucleus of cells, enabling them to express new proteins or modify their phenotypic characteristics. DNA transfection is commonly performed in biological research and is particularly valuable in molecular biology, genetic engineering, and gene therapy.
The process of DNA transfection typically begins with the isolation and purification of the DNA of interest. This DNA can be derived from various sources, such as plasmids, viral vectors, or synthetic DNA constructs. The isolated DNA is then mixed with specialized transfection reagents or delivery systems that facilitate its entry into the target cells. These reagents can be cationic lipids, polymers, or calcium phosphate precipitates, among others, which form complexes with the DNA and protect it from degradation.
Once the DNA is complexed with the transfection reagent, it is added to the cells either directly or through various transfection techniques, such as electroporation or microinjection. The cells uptake the DNA complexes and incorporate the foreign DNA into their genome or maintain it as a separate entity within the cell. The introduced DNA can then be expressed, replicated, or manipulated to investigate gene function, protein production, or cellular processes.
Overall, DNA transfection is a versatile tool that allows scientists to study and manipulate the genetic material of living cells. It has revolutionized genetic research, enabling advancements in various fields, including biotechnology, medicine, and agriculture.
Common Misspellings for DNA TRANSFECTION
- sna transfection
- xna transfection
- cna transfection
- fna transfection
- rna transfection
- ena transfection
- dba transfection
- dma transfection
- dja transfection
- dha transfection
- dnz transfection
- dns transfection
- dnw transfection
- dnq transfection
- dna rransfection
- dna fransfection
- dna gransfection
- dna yransfection
- dna 6ransfection
- dna 5ransfection
Etymology of DNA TRANSFECTION
The word "DNA transfection" is derived from two main components: DNA and transfection.
1. DNA: DNA stands for Deoxyribonucleic Acid, which is a molecule that carries the genetic instructions used in the development and functioning of all living organisms. The term DNA was first introduced in 1944 by Oswald Avery, Colin MacLeod, and Maclyn McCarty, who demonstrated that DNA is the hereditary material responsible for genetic traits.
2. Transfection: Transfection is a hybrid word combining the words "transient" and "infection". The term was coined in 1973 by Howard M. Temin and David Baltimore to describe the introduction of foreign genetic material into cells. It involves the process of artificially introducing nucleic acids (such as DNA or RNA) into cells, which leads to the modification of the cell's genetic makeup and potential changes in cellular behavior.
