DNA POLYMERASE Meaning and
Definition
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DNA polymerase is an enzyme that plays a crucial role in the process of DNA replication. It is responsible for catalyzing the formation of a new DNA strand by adding nucleotides to the growing chain. DNA polymerase acts on a DNA template and incorporates complementary nucleotides, following the rules of base pairing (adenine with thymine, guanine with cytosine). This process is known as polymerization.
DNA polymerase is highly accurate and possesses proofreading capabilities, which enables it to identify and correct any mistakes made during replication. This proofreading activity helps to maintain the integrity and fidelity of the DNA molecule.
There are several types of DNA polymerases, each with its specific functions. DNA polymerase I, for example, is involved in DNA repair and removing RNA primers, while DNA polymerase III is the primary enzyme responsible for DNA synthesis during replication in prokaryotes.
DNA polymerase requires a primer, such as RNA primers or short DNA fragments, to initiate the replication process. Once the primer is bound to the template DNA, DNA polymerase begins elongating the chain by adding nucleotides in a 5' to 3' direction. The enzyme utilizes the energy released from the hydrolysis of nucleotide triphosphates to drive the polymerization reaction.
In summary, DNA polymerase is an essential enzyme that synthesizes new DNA strands during replication and repair processes. Its accuracy and proofreading capabilities contribute to the fidelity and stability of the genetic material.
Common Misspellings for DNA POLYMERASE
- sna polymerase
- xna polymerase
- cna polymerase
- fna polymerase
- rna polymerase
- ena polymerase
- dba polymerase
- dma polymerase
- dja polymerase
- dha polymerase
- dnz polymerase
- dns polymerase
- dnw polymerase
- dnq polymerase
- dna oolymerase
- dna lolymerase
- dna 0olymerase
- dna pilymerase
- dna pklymerase
- dna pllymerase
Etymology of DNA POLYMERASE
The term "DNA polymerase" is derived from two components: "DNA" and "polymerase".
1. DNA: The acronym DNA stands for deoxyribonucleic acid. It refers to the genetic material found in the cells of all living organisms that carries the instructions for the development, functioning, and reproduction of these organisms.
2. Polymerase: The term "polymerase" comes from the Greek words "poly" meaning "many" and "meros" meaning "part". In this context, it refers to an enzyme that is responsible for polymerization, which is the process of combining small molecules (nucleotides) called monomers into long chains known as polymers (DNA).
Therefore, "DNA polymerase" refers to the enzymes that help in the synthesis or replication of DNA molecules.
