The word "distemper" is spelled with a silent "p," which is a common feature of English spelling. The IPA phonetic transcription of this word would be /dɪsˈtɛmpər/. The first syllable, "dis," is pronounced similar to "this" or "miss." The second syllable, "temper," is pronounced like the noun meaning "emotional state." The final "p" is silent, so it is not pronounced in speech. Despite its unusual spelling, "distemper" is relatively simple to pronounce once the phonetic transcription is understood.
Distemper, noun:
1. A highly contagious, viral disease that affects domestic animals, particularly dogs and cats, causing fever, coughing, sneezing, vomiting, and diarrhea. Also known as canine or feline distemper, it is caused by the paramyxovirus and can be fatal if left untreated. Distemper commonly affects the respiratory, gastrointestinal, and nervous systems, leading to a range of symptoms including respiratory difficulties, gastrointestinal distress, seizures, and neurological disorders. It is often prevented through vaccination.
2. An infectious disease that affects certain other animals, such as ferrets, raccoons, and minks, leading to similar symptoms to those observed in dogs and cats affected by distemper.
3. An abnormal and disturbed state of mind or emotions in humans, characterized by anxiety, restlessness, irritability, and sometimes delusions or hallucinations. It is often used as a synonym for mental anguish, malaise, or unease.
4. A type of paint or pigment composed of pigments mixed with a binder, commonly used in mural painting and for the decoration of walls and ceilings. Distemper paint is water-soluble and dries to a flat, matte finish, often used in historical and traditional painting techniques. It is known for its quick drying time and versatility.
Verb:
To infect or affect with distemper, or to suffer from the disease.
• Disease; malady; any morbid or diseased state of an animal body; a morbid state of mind; a disease in dogs beginning with a running from the nose and eyes.
• To disorder; to derange body or mind.
• In painting, the preparation of colours with size and water, or gum-water.
• To mix up colours with size and water, &c.-see tempera.
Etymological and pronouncing dictionary of the English language. By Stormonth, James, Phelp, P. H. Published 1874.
The word "distemper" has its roots in Latin and Old French. It comes from the Latin word "distemperare", which means "to disturb" or "to upset". This Latin term, in turn, comes from the combination of "dis-" (meaning "apart" or "away") and "temperare" (meaning "to mix" or "to moderate"). In Old French, the word evolved to "destemprer", meaning "to become deranged" or "to lose control". Eventually, "distemper" was adopted into Middle English, retaining its sense of disturbance or upset, and it has been used in this way ever since.