The diaphragm of the pelvis, also known as the pelvic diaphragm, is a term referring to a group of muscles located at the base of the pelvic cavity. It is a key component of the pelvic floor and plays a crucial role in supporting the pelvic organs, such as the bladder, rectum, and uterus, as well as maintaining continence.
The pelvic diaphragm consists of two main muscles - the levator ani and the coccygeus. The levator ani, composed of three muscles (pubococcygeus, puborectalis, and iliococcygeus), forms the major part of the pelvic diaphragm. It is attached to the pubic bone in the front, spans the width of the pelvis, and inserts into the coccyx and anococcygeal ligament in the back. The coccygeus muscle, situated behind the levator ani, extends from the ischial spine to the coccyx.
These muscles play a vital role in maintaining urinary and fecal continence. They are responsible for contracting and relaxing to control the opening and closing of the sphincters, which regulate the passage of urine and feces. In addition, the pelvic diaphragm provides support to the pelvic organs, preventing their descent or prolapse.
Overall, the diaphragm of the pelvis is an essential anatomical structure that helps maintain the integrity and functionality of the pelvic floor, contributing to the proper functioning of the urinary and digestive systems.
