Deoxyribonuclease BamHI is a type of restriction enzyme used in molecular biology. The IPA phonetic transcription of this word is /dɛuksɪraɪboʊnjuːkleɪs bæm eɪtʃ aɪ/. The first part of the word, deoxyribonuclease, is pronounced as "dee-ox-ee-rye-boh-noo-klee-ace". The second part, BamHI, is pronounced as "bam-haitch-eye". The spelling of this word follows the conventions of scientific nomenclature and combines the enzyme’s function with the location it was discovered in, BamHI, which is named after the bacteria it was isolated from (Bacillus amyloliquefaciens H).
Deoxyribonuclease BamHI is an enzyme that is classified as a type II restriction endonuclease. It is derived from the bacterium Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain H. This enzyme recognizes a specific DNA sequence and cleaves it at a particular site, resulting in the production of fragments with sticky ends. The DNA sequence recognized by BamHI is usually palindromic, meaning it reads the same forward and backward, such as 5'-GGATCC-3'.
Deoxyribonucleases, also known as DNases, are enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of phosphodiester bonds within the DNA molecule. They are essential for various biological processes, such as DNA repair, replication, and recombination. BamHI is one of many DNases that has been isolated and characterized from different microorganisms.
BamHI is widely used in molecular biology research and genetic engineering due to its ability to specifically cut DNA at a defined site. This enzyme is important for the construction of recombinant DNA molecules, gene cloning, and restriction mapping. The resulting DNA fragments generated by BamHI cleavage can be easily ligated with other compatible DNA fragments, creating recombinant molecules with desired genetic sequences.
In summary, Deoxyribonuclease BamHI is a specific type II restriction endonuclease that recognizes and cleaves DNA at a specific palindromic site. Its ability to generate cohesive ends makes it a valuable tool for DNA manipulation in molecular biology and genetic engineering research.
The word "Deoxyribonuclease BamHI" originates from the combination of different terms:
1. Deoxyribonuclease: The term "deoxyribonuclease" is formed by combining "deoxyribo-", which refers to the sugar component (deoxyribose) found in DNA, and "nuclease", which is an enzyme that cleaves nucleic acids such as DNA.
2. BamHI: "BamHI" is the name of a specific restriction enzyme named after the bacterium from which it was isolated, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain H.
Therefore, "Deoxyribonuclease BamHI" refers to a deoxyribonuclease enzyme that recognizes and cleaves DNA sequences based on the specific recognition site provided by BamHI.