Decreased muscle tone, also referred to as hypotonia, is a medical condition characterized by a decrease in the normal tension or resistance of the muscles when at rest. It is a result of the decreased ability of the muscles to contract or maintain their normal level of firmness. This condition can affect various muscle groups throughout the body.
In individuals with decreased muscle tone, the affected muscles appear floppy, loose, or flaccid. There may be an overall lack of strength and coordination, resulting in difficulties with tasks such as sitting up straight, walking, or holding objects. These individuals often exhibit poor posture and may experience fatigue more readily than those with normal muscle tone.
Decreased muscle tone can be caused by a variety of factors, including genetic disorders, neurological conditions, or muscle abnormalities. It can also be acquired through certain medical conditions or as a side effect of medications. Infants with decreased muscle tone may have delays in reaching motor milestones, such as rolling over, crawling, or walking.
Treatment for decreased muscle tone focuses on managing the underlying cause and improving functionality. Physical therapy is an essential component of treatment, aiming to strengthen muscles and improve coordination. Occupational therapy may be beneficial to address fine motor skill development. In some cases, assistive devices or adaptive equipment may be recommended to enhance mobility and independence.
Overall, decreased muscle tone refers to a condition characterized by a decrease in muscle firmness, leading to weakness, poor coordination, and potential motor developmental delays.
