The Dalit Buddhist Movement refers to a socio-religious and political struggle undertaken by the Dalit community in India, advocating for social equality, justice, and a reinterpretation of Buddhism as a means to combat caste-based discrimination. Dalits, also known as "untouchables," are historically oppressed and impoverished groups in the Hindu caste system.
The movement, which gained momentum in the mid-20th century, aims to empower Dalits by rejecting Hinduism and embracing Buddhism as their chosen faith. This shift is based on the belief that the caste system is fundamental to Hinduism and perpetuates discrimination against Dalits. By embracing Buddhism, Dalits renounce the hierarchical structure of the caste system and strive for equality and dignity.
The movement's ideological foundation draws inspiration from the life and teachings of Dr. B.R. Ambedkar, an Indian social reformer and jurist who himself converted to Buddhism in 1956, along with thousands of his followers. Ambedkar saw Buddhism as a way to liberate Dalits from societal oppression and believed that Buddhism offered a more egalitarian and just social order.
The Dalit Buddhist Movement employs various methods to advance its goals, including mass conversions, promoting Buddhist philosophy and ethics, organizing awareness campaigns and protests, advocating for legal reforms, and demanding social and political representation for Dalits.
The movement has significantly impacted India's social landscape, particularly among Dalit communities. It has contributed to the emergence of a distinct Dalit-Buddhist identity, promoting socio-economic upliftment and fostering a sense of dignity and self-worth among Dalits, challenging the entrenched caste-based discrimination system, and striving towards creating a more egalitarian society.
