Corns, in a medical context, are thickened areas of skin that develop on the feet, typically on the tops and sides of the toes or on the soles. They are commonly caused by repeated friction and pressure on a specific area of the foot, often due to poorly fitting shoes or abnormal walking patterns. Corns appear as small, round or conical-shaped patches of thickened skin that may be yellowish or grayish in color. They can be either hard or soft, depending on their location and the amount of moisture present.
Hard corns, also known as heloma durums, are dry and compact, and they tend to form on the bony areas of the feet. Soft corns, called heloma molles, are whitish in color and are usually found between the toes where there is moisture. Both types of corns can cause pain and discomfort, particularly when pressure is applied to them.
Treatment for corns typically involves relieving the pressure and friction on the affected area. This may include wearing properly fitted shoes with adequate cushioning, using protective padding or inserts, or applying over-the-counter salicylic acid creams or pads to help soften and remove the thickened skin. In more severe cases, a healthcare professional may need to pare down the corn and provide additional treatment or advice.
Prevention is also essential to manage corns. It involves wearing comfortable, properly fitted shoes, avoiding tight or narrow footwear, using protective padding, maintaining good foot hygiene, and addressing any underlying foot conditions that may contribute to corn formation.
