CONJUGATED SYSTEM Meaning and
Definition
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A conjugated system refers to a group of atoms or molecules that are connected by alternating single and double bonds or by resonance, creating a delocalized network of electrons. In a conjugated system, the pi bonds between adjacent atoms overlap, allowing electrons to freely move along the chain of molecules, resulting in unique electronic properties.
Conjugated systems are commonly found in organic chemistry, particularly in compounds such as conjugated dienes, polyenes, and aromatic compounds. In these systems, the delocalized electrons have a significant impact on the physical and chemical properties of the molecule. Conjugated systems often display enhanced stability, different spectroscopic behaviors, and unique reactivity compared to non-conjugated compounds.
The extent of conjugation in a system influences its electronic and optical properties. Longer conjugation lengths result in lower energy gaps between the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) and the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO), leading to more stable molecules and a wider range of absorption and emission wavelengths. This property is significant in the field of organic electronics and optoelectronics, where materials with conjugated systems are used to harness and manipulate the flow of electrons and light.
Overall, a conjugated system describes a molecular arrangement where the presence of alternating single and double bonds, resonance, or electron delocalization contributes to unique properties and behaviors observed in chemical compounds.
Etymology of CONJUGATED SYSTEM
The etymology of the word "conjugated system" can be traced back to its Latin and Greek origins.
The word "conjugated" comes from the Latin word "conjugare", which means "to join together". It stems from the combination of the prefix "com-" meaning "together" and the verb "jugare", which means "to join".
The word "system" has its roots in Greek, deriving from the word "sustēma". It is a combination of the prefix "sun-" meaning "together" and "histanai" meaning "to cause to stand".
When used in the context of chemistry, the term "conjugated system" refers to a group of atoms or molecules that are connected by alternating single and multiple bonds. The components in these conjugated systems are said to be "joined together" or "standing together", thus giving rise to the term.
