The word "computer hacking" refers to the unauthorized access of computer systems. In terms of spelling, "computer" is pronounced as kəmˈpjuː.tər while "hacking" is pronounced as ˈhækɪŋ. The "c" in "computer" is pronounced as a soft "k" sound, while the "h" in "hacking" is pronounced with a breathy "h" sound. The "a" in "hacking" is pronounced with a short "æ" sound, followed by a voiced "k" sound, and ending with an "ing" sound with a hard "g". Overall, the phonetic transcriptions of "computer hacking" are kəmˈpjuː.tər ˈhækɪŋ.
Computer hacking refers to the unauthorized entry into a computer system or network with the intention of gaining access, manipulating, altering, or damaging its data or functionality. It involves the exploitation of vulnerabilities and weaknesses in computer software or hardware to obtain unauthorized access to data or control over a system.
Hackers, also known as computer criminals or cybercriminals, employ various techniques and tools to break into computer systems and networks. These may include exploiting software vulnerabilities, using brute force attacks, social engineering, phishing, or malware distribution. Once inside, hackers can steal sensitive information, modify data, wreak havoc, or use the compromised system as a springboard to launch further attacks.
Computer hacking can have severe consequences, ranging from financial loss and identity theft to privacy invasion and disruption of essential services. It poses a significant threat to individuals, organizations, and even nations. To counter this, ethical hackers, known as security professionals or penetration testers, analyze and protect computer systems by identifying and patching vulnerabilities before malicious hackers can exploit them.
Due to its potential for harm and illegality, computer hacking is highly regulated and strictly prohibited in most jurisdictions. Individuals found guilty of hacking can face legal consequences, including imprisonment or hefty fines. Organizations, on the other hand, invest in advanced security measures and employ cybersecurity experts to safeguard their systems against hackers.
The term "computer hacking" originated in the 1960s and has evolved with the development of technology. The word "hack" in this context does not refer to illegal activities, but rather to creative programming solutions and exploratory programming. Its origin can be traced back to the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in the 1950s and 1960s.
At MIT, programmers were known as "hackers" and the term was used to describe their innovative and skillful approach to programming. Hacks were regarded as clever modifications to improve or explore the capabilities of computer systems. In this sense, hacking was related to the pursuit of knowledge and pushing the boundaries of technology.
However, by the 1970s and 1980s, the term started being associated with illegal activities related to unauthorized access, manipulation, or disruption of computer systems. This negative connotation is commonly referred to as "computer hacking" today.