Comparative psychology is the scientific study of animal behaviour and cognition. When using the International Phonetic Alphabet, the spelling of comparative psychology can be broken down as "kəmˈpærətɪv saɪˈkɒlədʒi". The first three syllables are pronounced as "kuhm-PA-ruh-tiv", with emphasis on the second syllable. The final syllables are pronounced as "sai-KOL-uh-jee", with emphasis on the first syllable. The phonetic transcription allows for a clearer understanding of the correct pronunciation of this term.
Comparative psychology is a branch of psychology that focuses on the study of similarities and differences in behavior and mental processes between different species, with the aim of understanding the origins and evolution of cognition and behavior. It involves the comparative analysis of various species, typically focusing on animals, to gain insights into the underlying mechanisms of behavior and cognition.
In comparative psychology, researchers employ various research methods and techniques to investigate the similarities and differences in behavior and mental processes across species. These methods include observations of natural behavior, controlled experiments, and the use of various behavioral tests and tasks designed to assess particular cognitive abilities.
The field seeks to identify common cognitive processes and behaviors across species, leading to a deeper understanding of the adaptive significance and evolutionary origins of these behaviors. By studying animals and comparing their behaviors to those of humans, researchers can gain insights into the basic cognitive processes that are shared across species, as well as those unique to humans.
Comparative psychology has applications in several areas, including the study of animal behavior, evolutionary psychology, and the assessment of animal welfare. By understanding the similarities and differences in behavior across species, researchers can improve our understanding of human behavior, enhance animal welfare, and contribute to the broader field of psychology.
The study of instinct and of mental action in the lower animals.
A practical medical dictionary. By Stedman, Thomas Lathrop. Published 1920.
The term "comparative psychology" is derived from two main components: "comparative" and "psychology".
The word "comparative" comes from the Latin word "comparativus", which is derived from "comparatus", meaning "comparison" or "comparison of things". It stems from the verb "comparare", which translates to "to compare" or "to bring together for comparison".
The word "psychology" originates from the Greek words "psyche" (meaning "soul" or "mind") and "logos" (meaning "study" or "knowledge"). It was first coined in the late 16th century to describe the scientific study of the mind and behavior.
Therefore, when combined, "comparative psychology" refers to the branch of psychology that involves studying the behavior and mental processes of animals in comparison to each other and humans, focusing on similarities and differences.