Clavicula is a noun that originates from Latin, derived from the word "clavis," meaning key. It refers to the anatomical term for the collarbone, a long, slender bone that connects the arm to the trunk of the body in humans and other vertebrates. As a paired bone, each individual has two claviculae, located on either side of the upper chest, between the sternum and the scapula.
The clavicula is characterized by its S-shape and is part of the shoulder girdle. It acts as a strut to provide stability and support to the shoulder joint, allowing the arm to move and enabling a wide range of motion. The bone itself is cylindrical, with two ends: the sternal end, which articulates with the sternum, and the acromial end, which attaches to the scapula.
Functionally, the clavicula serves to protect and maintain the position of important structures such as blood vessels, nerves, and the brachial plexus that pass beneath it. Additionally, it acts as a site for muscle attachments, enabling the movement of the arm and shoulder complex.
Clinically, the clavicula is prone to fractures due to its superficial location and its vulnerability to external forces. Although clavicular fractures can be painful, they are typically treatable without the need for surgical intervention, as the bone has a good potential for healing due to its rich blood supply.
In summary, the clavicula is a key bone of the upper chest that is responsible for connecting the arm to the trunk and providing structural support and flexibility to the shoulder joint.
