Classical Swine Fever (CSF), also known as hog cholera, is a highly contagious viral disease that affects domestic and wild pigs worldwide. It is caused by the Classical Swine Fever Virus (CSFV), which belongs to the Pestivirus genus within the Flaviviridae family. CSF primarily targets swine and can cause a range of clinical symptoms, including high fever, loss of appetite, diarrhea, respiratory issues, and abortion in pregnant sows.
The virus spreads through direct contact with infected pigs or their bodily fluids, as well as through contaminated materials such as feed, equipment, or clothing. It can also be transmitted by ticks and biting flies.
CSF poses a significant threat to the global pig industry due to its severe economic consequences. Infected pigs usually experience high mortality rates, and survivors can suffer from long-term health problems. Outbreaks of Classical Swine Fever often lead to trade restrictions and export bans, resulting in considerable financial losses for pig producers and the affected countries.
Prevention and control measures for Classical Swine Fever include vaccination programs, strict biosecurity protocols, quarantine of infected or susceptible animals, and proper disposal of carcasses. Early detection, rapid response, and effective surveillance systems are crucial for disease management.
It is important to note that Classical Swine Fever is distinct from African Swine Fever (ASF), even though they share some clinical symptoms. They are caused by different viruses and have separate impacts on the pig population.
