Citellus is a genus of ground squirrels known for their burrowing habits and distinctive features. They are small to medium-sized rodents belonging to the family Sciuridae, commonly found in grasslands and open areas across Europe and Asia. The name Citellus is derived from the Latin word "citellus," which means squirrel or ground squirrel.
Members of the Citellus genus are characterized by their compact bodies, short legs, and long, bushy tails. They have a dense fur coat that provides protection and allows them to adapt to various climates. These ground squirrels are known for their ability to dig complex burrow systems in the ground, which serve as their nests, food storage, and protection from predators.
Citellus species are herbivorous, primarily feeding on a diet consisting of seeds, nuts, grains, and various vegetation. They are diurnal, active during the day, and often live in colonies, forming intricate social structures within their burrow systems. These rodents communicate through a series of vocalizations, body movements, and scent marking.
The most well-known species within the Citellus genus is the European ground squirrel, also referred to as the souslik (Citellus citellus). This squirrel is known for its hibernation behavior during winter months. They can be found inhabiting meadows, steppe grasslands, and agricultural fields.
Overall, Citellus represents a group of ground squirrels that play crucial roles in their ecosystems by dispersing seeds, maintaining soil fertility through burrowing activities, and serving as prey for various predators in their respective habitats.
