Pronunciation: [sˈɜːks] (IPA) 
The word "cirques" (pronounced /sɪrks/) is derived from the French word "cirque", meaning "circus" or "ring". The spelling of the word includes the silent "e" at the end, which indicates that the "q" is pronounced as a "k" sound. This allows the word to be pronounced correctly as "sirks". In English, the term is commonly used to refer to circular-shaped basins or depressions found in mountains or glacial landscapes.
Cirques are natural landforms that are characterized by their shape, which resembles a rounded, steep-sided hollow or basin. Also known as corries or cwm in some regions, cirques are typically found in mountainous areas, especially in regions with glaciated landscapes.
These distinctive features are formed through the erosive action of glaciers. As glaciers move downslope, their enormous mass carves into the mountainside, gouging out circular depressions. The steep walls of the cirques are usually formed by glacial plucking, where the ice catches and transports rocks and debris, causing deep incisions in the surrounding rock.
Cirques often serve as the starting point for the formation of glaciers. The accumulation of snow and ice within these basins can lead to the development of an ice mass that expands and flows downhill. Over time, the ice may advance, elongating the cirque and shaping it into a larger and narrower form known as a glacial valley or U-shaped valley.
Apart from their geological significance, cirques also possess ecological importance. Their unique topography and moist environment foster the development of diverse plant and animal species, adapting to the specific conditions offered by the cirque's microclimate. These Alpine ecosystems can harbor delicate plants, such as mosses and lichens, as well as specialized fauna like mountain goats and marmots.
In summary, cirques are distinctive and visually striking landforms formed by the erosive power of glaciers. They exhibit a rounded, steep-sided basin shape, often found in mountainous regions, and play a crucial role in glacier formation and harboring diverse ecological communities.
The word "cirques" is derived from the French word "cirque", which means "circle" or "ring". It ultimately traces back to the Latin word "circus" with the same meaning. In ancient times, a circus referred to a circular or oval-shaped track where public spectacles, such as chariot races and other performances, were held. Over time, the term cirque came to be specifically associated with a steep-sided, bowl-shaped hollow or valley formed by glacial erosion.
