Cilice (/ˈsɪlɪs/) is a garment made of coarse haircloth or animal hair worn by some Christians as a form of mortification of the flesh. The spelling of the word "cilice" follows the English pronunciation rules. The "ci" in "cilice" is pronounced like "sai" as in the word "ice," while the "li" is pronounced like "lis" as in the word "island." The final "ce" is pronounced as "s" like in the word "nice." Together, the pronunciation is /ˈsɪlɪs/.
A cilice is a noun that refers to a type of religious garment or instrument that is worn or used as an act of penance, mortification, or self-discipline. It typically consists of a rough, haircloth or packcloth made of coarse material like goat's hair, worn directly against the skin. Cilices are usually fitted like undergarments and often cover specific parts of the body, such as the waist, thighs, or shoulders.
The purpose of wearing a cilice is often tied to spiritual or religious practices, particularly within the context of certain Christian traditions. It is believed that by voluntarily inflicting discomfort or pain upon oneself through wearing a cilice, one can participate in the suffering of Christ and attain a state of spiritual purification or atonement for sins. The act of wearing a cilice is viewed as a visible sign of devotion, self-denial, and sacrifice.
Cilices have been used throughout history by various religious orders, monastic communities, and individuals seeking spiritual growth or penitence. The practice of wearing a cilice has evolved over time, and today, there are various forms of cilices available, including ones made with metallic spikes, barbs, or chains. However, it is important to note that the use of cilices is not universally accepted or practiced across all Christian denominations, and opinions on their effectiveness and appropriateness vary.
The word "cilice" comes from the Latin term "cilicium", which originally referred to a coarse fabric made from the hair of a goat from Cilicia, a region in present-day Turkey. The Latin term was later borrowed into Old French as "cilice", which then entered Middle English as "cilice". In its original context, a cilice would have been a rough garment worn as a form of self-mortification or penance. Over time, the term "cilice" has come to also refer to a sharp or prickly hairshirt or belt worn for self-discipline or religious purposes.