Chronic Delta Hepatitis, also known as Hepatitis D, is a progressive and potentially severe liver disease caused by the hepatitis D virus (HDV). It is classified as a subviral satellite because it requires the presence of the hepatitis B virus (HBV) to replicate and cause infection. Chronic Delta Hepatitis occurs when a person already infected with HBV becomes co-infected with HDV.
The primary mode of transmission is through contact with infected blood or other bodily fluids, including sexual contact and sharing contaminated needles. Chronic Delta Hepatitis is often prevalent in regions where hepatitis B infection rates are high and can lead to more severe liver disease, including cirrhosis and liver cancer.
Common symptoms of Chronic Delta Hepatitis include fatigue, jaundice, abdominal pain, and elevated liver enzyme levels. However, the disease can be asymptomatic in some individuals. Diagnosis typically involves a combination of serological tests, such as antibody tests and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays, to detect the presence of hepatitis D antigens or antibodies.
Treatment options for Chronic Delta Hepatitis are limited compared to other forms of viral hepatitis. Antiviral medications may be used to suppress hepatitis D replication, but these are often less effective than in the case of HBV alone. Prevention measures primarily focus on preventing HBV transmission, including vaccination against hepatitis B, safe needle practices, and practicing safe sex.
In conclusion, Chronic Delta Hepatitis is a type of hepatitis caused by the hepatitis D virus. It is a progressive liver disease that requires the presence of hepatitis B to cause infection. The disease can lead to severe liver damage, and treatment options are limited. Prevention measures primarily involve preventing transmission of hepatitis B.
