Chronic daily headaches (CDH) refer to a specific type of headache disorder characterized by regular and persistent headaches occurring on a daily or near-daily basis for at least 15 days per month, for at least three consecutive months. These headaches typically last for hours and can vary in intensity from mild to severe. CDH is often considered a primary headache disorder, meaning it is not caused by an underlying medical condition.
There are several subtypes of chronic daily headaches, including chronic migraine, chronic tension-type headache, and medication-overuse headache. Chronic migraine is characterized by migraines occurring on a daily or near-daily basis, while chronic tension-type headache involves frequent and persistent tension-type headaches. Medication-overuse headache occurs as a result of overusing headache medications, leading to rebound headaches.
The exact causes of CDH are not fully understood, but underlying factors such as genetics, hormonal imbalances, sleep disturbances, stress, anxiety, depression, and medication overuse have been associated with the development and persistence of CDH. Individuals with CDH often experience disruptions in their daily lives, including work and personal relationships, due to the constant presence of headaches.
Treatment for chronic daily headaches typically involves a multidisciplinary approach tailored to the specific subtype and underlying causes. This may include lifestyle modifications, stress management techniques, identification and avoidance of trigger factors, medications to manage pain and prevent headache attacks, and psychological therapies to address any accompanying mental health issues. With appropriate management, the intensity and frequency of CDH can be reduced, potentially improving the individual's quality of life.
