Chorionic villus biopsy, also known as chorionic villus sampling (CVS), is a prenatal diagnostic procedure used to obtain a sample of the chorionic villi, which are small finger-like projections on the outer surface of the chorion surrounding the amniotic sac during pregnancy. This procedure is typically performed between 10 and 13 weeks gestation.
During the biopsy, a healthcare professional inserts a thin, flexible tube called a catheter through the cervix or uses a needle guided by ultrasound to reach the chorionic villi. A small tissue sample is then removed from the villi for analysis. The collected sample contains genetic material from the fetus, allowing for genetic testing to be performed.
Chorionic villus biopsy is used to detect genetic abnormalities and disorders in the developing fetus, including chromosomal abnormalities like Down syndrome, as well as certain genetic diseases like cystic fibrosis and sickle cell anemia. It can also be used for gender determination, paternity testing, and early detection of genetic conditions that can potentially affect the health of the baby.
While chorionic villus biopsy carries a small risk of complications, such as cramping, bleeding, or infection, it is generally considered a safe and effective procedure. Results from the biopsy can be available within a few days to a couple of weeks, depending on the specific tests being conducted on the sample.
Overall, chorionic villus biopsy provides valuable information to expectant parents and healthcare professionals, allowing for early detection and diagnosis of certain genetic conditions, aiding in informed decision-making and potential intervention or treatment options if necessary.
