Chondromalacia, also known as patellofemoral pain syndrome, is a condition that affects the cartilage on the underside of the kneecap (patella). The word "chondromalacia" is derived from two Greek words: "chondro" meaning cartilage and "malacia" meaning softening. Therefore, chondromalacia can be understood as the softening or deterioration of the cartilage in the knee.
The condition typically occurs when there is an imbalance or misalignment of the patella within the femoral groove, causing excessive and abnormal pressure on the cartilage. This can be a result of issues such as muscle imbalances, structural abnormalities in the knee joint, overuse or trauma.
Symptoms of chondromalacia may include knee pain, particularly when kneeling, running, or going up and down stairs. There may also be a grinding or popping sensation when moving the knee. The pain is often described as being localized to the front of the knee, behind or around the patella.
Diagnosis of chondromalacia is usually made through a combination of physical examination, medical history, and imaging tests such as X-rays or MRI scans.
Treatment for chondromalacia typically involves a combination of conservative methods such as rest, physical therapy to strengthen the muscles around the knee, pain relief medications, and the use of braces or orthotics to improve knee alignment. In severe cases, surgery may be necessary to realign the patella or repair damaged cartilage.
Overall, chondromalacia is a condition characterized by the softening and deterioration of the cartilage beneath the kneecap, resulting in knee pain and dysfunction.
