Childhood sleep bruxism refers to the involuntary grinding or clenching of teeth during sleep that commonly occurs in children. It is a sleep-related movement disorder that typically manifests in the form of rhythmic jaw movements characterized by grinding or gnashing of teeth. The condition primarily affects children between the ages of three and ten, although it can persist into adolescence or adulthood in some cases.
Childhood sleep bruxism is usually unrelated to underlying medical or dental conditions and is considered to be a self-limiting habit. However, certain factors such as anxiety, stress, malocclusion (misalignment of teeth), airway obstruction, or family history of sleep bruxism may contribute to its development. The exact cause of this disorder remains uncertain, but it is believed to be a result of a combination of biological, psychological, and environmental factors.
Symptoms of childhood sleep bruxism may vary in severity and can include tooth pain, jaw muscle discomfort, headaches, tooth wear or damage, and disrupted sleep patterns. In some cases, the grinding may result in audible sounds that disturb the sleep of the child or their sleep partner. If left unaddressed, childhood sleep bruxism may lead to potential complications such as tooth damage, temporomandibular joint disorder (TMJD), or changes in the facial structure.
Treatment for childhood sleep bruxism primarily focuses on managing symptoms and preventing complications. Strategies may include reassurance and monitoring, addressing any underlying stress or anxiety issues, and using dental appliances like mouthguards to protect teeth from wear or damage. In most cases, childhood sleep bruxism resolves spontaneously as the child grows older.
