Centrifuge (/ˈsɛntrɪfjuːdʒ/) is a device used to separate fluids of different densities. The spelling of centrifuge is derived from the Latin words centrum, meaning center, and fugere, meaning to flee. The initial letter "c" represents the /s/ sound and "e" is pronounced as /ɛ/. The combination of "tr" represents the /tr/ sound while "i" is pronounced as /ɪ/ and "fu" as /fjuː/. The final "ge" represents the /dʒ/ sound. Overall, the spelling of the word centrifuge reflects its origin and pronunciation.
A centrifuge is a scientific and industrial device that utilizes rotation to separate substances of different densities, such as liquids from solids or particles from fluids. It functions by subjecting a mixture to high-speed spinning motion, creating a powerful centrifugal force which generates a separation based on the varying densities of the components.
Typically consisting of a cylindrical container known as a rotor, the centrifuge employs a motor to induce rapid rotation. The sample or mixture to be separated is placed within the rotor, and as it spins, the centrifugal force causes the denser components to move towards the outer edge of the rotor, forming distinct layers based on their density. The less dense substances gather closer to the center while the denser materials migrate towards the periphery.
Centrifuges have found diverse applications across numerous fields. In medical laboratories, they are fundamental tools for separating blood samples into its components, enabling analysis of various parameters. Industrial centrifuges are commonly utilized in sectors such as pharmaceuticals, agriculture, and biotechnology for large-scale separation processes. They prove invaluable in isolating and purifying specific compounds, isolating particulates, and removing impurities.
With its ability to separate substances quickly and efficiently, the centrifuge greatly enhances numerous scientific and industrial processes, aiding in research, development, and quality control.
1. An apparatus by means of which solid particles in suspension in a fluid are separated; this is done by attaching the vessel containing the fluid to a long lever which is made to revolve rapidly, the centrifugal force throwing the particles to the peripheral part of the rotated vessel. 2. To centrifugalize.
A practical medical dictionary. By Stedman, Thomas Lathrop. Published 1920.
* The statistics data for these misspellings percentages are collected from over 15,411,110 spell check sessions on www.spellchecker.net from Jan 2010 - Jun 2012.
The word "centrifuge" is derived from Latin roots. It comes from the combination of two Latin words: "centrum", meaning "center", and "fugere", meaning "to flee" or "to run". The Latin term "centrifugus" can be translated as "center-fleeing" or "running away from the center". This term was later adopted into English, where it refers to a machine or device that uses centrifugal force to separate substances of different densities.