Central sleep apneas are a type of sleep disorder characterized by temporary cessation or significant reduction in breathing during sleep. Unlike obstructive sleep apnea, central sleep apneas occur due to the brain's failure to send proper signals to the muscles that control breathing. In other words, it is not a physical blockage of the airway, but a disruption in the brain's respiratory control center.
During central sleep apneas, the brain does not trigger the muscles responsible for inhaling and exhaling, resulting in a brief pause in breathing. These pauses can last for seconds or even minutes and may occur repeatedly throughout the night. Central sleep apneas are often associated with a decrease in blood oxygen levels, as the body is not receiving an adequate amount of oxygen during these episodes.
Common symptoms of central sleep apneas include daytime sleepiness, fatigue, frequent awakenings during the night, morning headaches, difficulty concentrating, and irritability. An individual with central sleep apneas may also experience restless sleep, gasping, or choking sensations upon awakening.
Central sleep apneas can be caused by various factors, including heart failure, stroke, brainstem injury, certain medications, high altitudes, and medical conditions affecting the central nervous system. Treatment options depend on the underlying cause and may include addressing the underlying medical condition, using positive airway pressure devices, or utilizing medications that stimulate respiratory function.
Overall, central sleep apneas pose significant health risks if left untreated, as they can contribute to a range of medical complications such as high blood pressure, heart problems, and impaired cognitive function. Seeking medical evaluation and intervention is crucial to manage this sleep disorder effectively.
