Cell Surface Protrusion refers to any structure that extends outwards from the surface of a cell. This could include various types of cellular extensions such as microvilli, filopodia, lamellipodia, and cilia. These protrusions play crucial roles in cellular functions such as movement, sensing the environment, cell adhesion, and communication with neighboring cells.
Microvilli are tiny finger-like projections that greatly increase the surface area of cells. They are commonly found in cells lining the intestine and kidney tubules, where they aid in absorption and secretion processes. Filopodia are slender, thread-like extensions that help cells navigate through their surroundings during development and wound healing. Lamellipodia, on the other hand, are flat and sheet-like protrusions that enable cell movement by pushing against the extracellular matrix.
Cilia are hair-like structures that extend from the cell surface and have diverse functions, including cellular locomotion and sensing. Motile cilia, found in the respiratory tract, beat in coordinated waves to propel mucus and trapped particles out of the lungs. Primary cilia, present on almost all cell types in the body, are involved in receiving signals from the environment and transmitting them into the cell.
Overall, cell surface protrusions are dynamic structures that contribute to the functionality and adaptability of cells. They are essential for a wide range of cellular processes, facilitating cell interactions with the surrounding environment and other cells.
