CCNU, also known as lomustine, is a chemotherapy drug classified as an alkylating agent. It is primarily used in the treatment of certain types of cancers, particularly brain tumors and Hodgkin's disease. The drug is commonly prescribed as an oral capsule or tablet.
CCNU works by interfering with the DNA replication process within cancerous cells, effectively inhibiting their ability to proliferate and grow. By alkylating DNA, it forms cross-links between DNA strands, leading to DNA damage and ultimately cell death. Due to its ability to cross the blood-brain barrier, CCNU is particularly effective against brain tumors.
The administration of CCNU requires careful monitoring and dosage adjustments, as it can cause various side effects. Common adverse effects include nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, and fatigue. Additionally, CCNU may suppress the production of blood cells, increasing the risk of infections and bleeding.
As a chemotherapy agent, CCNU plays a significant role in the treatment of specific malignant diseases. It is often used in combination with other drugs to enhance its efficacy and minimize resistance. Physicians carefully evaluate patient conditions, considering the risks and benefits, before prescribing CCNU. Regular follow-ups and routine blood tests are usually required during treatment to monitor its effectiveness and any potential side effects.
