Castanets (/kæs.təˈnɛts/) are a percussion instrument that originated in Spain. The word comes from the Spanish word "castañuela" which is pronounced (/kas.taˈɲwe.la/). The spelling of "castanets" reflects their pronunciation in English, with the final "s" indicating the plural form. The IPA transcription also shows the stress on the second syllable, with the "a" being pronounced as a schwa sound, and the "e" being pronounced as an open "ɛ" sound. Castanets are commonly used in flamenco music and can also be heard in various other styles of music.
Castanets are a pair of small, disk-shaped percussive musical instruments that are commonly played by hand. Each castanet consists of two concave shells made of wood, ivory, or plastic, linked together by a cord or string that allows them to be held and manipulated easily. The shells are usually about 5-7 centimeters in diameter, and they have a hollow, cup-like shape with a slightly curved surface. When played, the performer holds one castanet in each hand and lightly strikes them together to produce a distinctive clicking or clacking sound.
Castanets are believed to have originated in ancient Egypt and the Middle East, eventually spreading to different regions, cultures, and musical traditions around the world. They are commonly used in various genres of music, including flamenco, classical, folk, and traditional dances. In flamenco music, the castanets often play a vital role, adding rhythmic expression and colorful accents to the performance.
The technique of playing castanets requires skill and practice, as the player must have precise control over the force, speed, and timing of the striking movements. Castanets can also be used for dance accompaniment, with skilled dancers incorporating them into their performances to enhance the auditory and visual aspects of the art form.
Small concave shells of ivory or hardwood, shaped like spoons, rattled with the fingers in dancing.
Etymological and pronouncing dictionary of the English language. By Stormonth, James, Phelp, P. H. Published 1874.
The word "castanets" derives from the Spanish term "castañuelas", which itself comes from "castaña", meaning "chestnut" in Spanish. This is because the original castanets were made from the shells of chestnuts or similar types of nuts. The suffix "-uelas" in Spanish usually denotes a small size or a diminutive form, so "castañuelas" can be translated as "little chestnuts". Over time, the word "castañuelas" was anglicized into "castanets" in English, with the spelling and pronunciation adapted to fit the English language.