The caruncula major of Santorini is a small protrusion located on the duodenum. It is pronounced /kəˈrʌŋkjʊlə ˈmeɪdʒər ʌv ˌsænˈtɒrɪni/ and spelled with the letter "c" at the beginning, followed by a "a" that sounds like "uh" and then an "r" that is pronounced with a rolling sound. The "u" in "cula" is pronounced like "oo" and the "a" sound returns for the syllable "ca." The final part of the word, "Santorini," is pronounced as it is commonly spelled.
The caruncula major of Santorini refers to a anatomical structure found within the human body. Specifically, it is a small protuberance located on the posterior part of the opening of the lacrimal duct in the inner corner of the eye.
The caruncula major, also known as the plica lacrimalis or lacrimal caruncle, is a fleshy, triangular-shaped tissue that contains modified sweat glands and sebaceous glands. It is covered by stratified squamous epithelium and possesses fine hairs.
Its main function is to produce tear film that lubricates the eyeball to keep it moist and protect it from dryness and dirt particles. The secretion of the caruncula major assists in preventing tears from spilling over onto the cheeks.
Although its significance is not thoroughly understood, the caruncula major is believed to play a role in enhancing tear production and promoting eye health. It is also believed to have minor sensory function due to the presence of nerve endings.
The caruncula major of Santorini is generally harmless and does not require any specific medical attention. However, it may occasionally become inflamed or infected, resulting in redness, swelling, and discomfort. In such cases, appropriate treatments such as warm compresses, antibiotics, or anti-inflammatory medications may be recommended by a healthcare professional to alleviate the symptoms and resolve the issue.
Papilla duodeni.
A practical medical dictionary. By Stedman, Thomas Lathrop. Published 1920.