CARTHAGINIANS Meaning and
Definition
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Carthaginians were the ancient inhabitants of the city-state of Carthage, which was located on the coast of modern-day Tunisia. They were a prominent civilization and naval power in the Mediterranean region from the 9th century BCE until their defeat by Rome in the Punic Wars (264-146 BCE).
The Carthaginians were of Phoenician origin, with their ancestors having migrated from the eastern Mediterranean, specifically from the ancient city of Tyre in modern-day Lebanon. They established Carthage as a prosperous and influential trading center, which grew into a powerful maritime empire.
Known for their seafaring skills and commercial prowess, the Carthaginians built up a vast network of colonies and trading posts throughout the Mediterranean, particularly in North Africa, Sicily, Sardinia, and Spain. They excelled in both maritime trade and agriculture, with their economy heavily reliant on the exploitation of natural resources, such as timber, silver, and precious metals.
Carthage was governed by a powerful oligarchy, with a council of elders and two chief executives known as the sufetes. The Carthaginians were religiously devoted to Ba'al Hammon, a Phoenician god associated with fertility and the divine protection of the city. They conducted ritual sacrifices to ensure the favor of their deity and to secure their prosperity.
The Carthaginians are best known for their conflicts with Rome, particularly the three Punic Wars. These conflicts arose from territorial disputes, commercial rivalry, and the desire for dominance in the region. Despite their initial successes, the Carthaginians ultimately fell to the military might of the Roman Republic, leading to the destruction of Carthage in 146 BCE and the end of the Carthaginian civilization.
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Etymology of CARTHAGINIANS
The word Carthaginians is derived from the name of the ancient city of Carthage. The term originated from the Latin Carthago or Carthago Nova, which referred to the major Phoenician trading hub located in present-day Tunisia. The city was founded by Phoenician colonizers in the 9th century BC, and over time, it grew to become a major power in the Mediterranean region. As the residents of Carthage, the people came to be known as the Carthaginians.
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