Cardiotocograms, commonly known as CTGs, are diagnostic tests used in obstetrics to monitor and evaluate the fetal heart rate (cardio) and uterine contractions (toco). The purpose of this test is to assess the well-being and condition of the unborn baby during pregnancy and childbirth.
This non-invasive procedure involves placing two sensors on the mother's abdomen. One sensor records the fetal heart rate using an ultrasound transducer, which emits sound waves to detect and measure the heart rate. The other sensor, known as a tocometer, monitors the uterine contractions by measuring the pressure changes on the mother's abdomen.
Cardiotocograms provide valuable information about the baby's heart rate, indicating whether it is within a normal range or showing signs of distress. The pattern and variability of the heart rate are carefully analyzed to determine the baby's overall well-being. Additionally, the toco readings help evaluate the intensity and frequency of the uterine contractions, aiding in monitoring the progress of labor.
Healthcare professionals, such as doctors, midwives, or nurses, typically interpret the results of cardiotocograms. Abnormalities detected by the CTG may prompt further evaluation or intervention, including additional testing, adjustments to maternal position or fluids, or, in extreme cases, an emergency delivery.
In summary, cardiotocograms are vital tools in obstetrics for assessing fetal well-being. This diagnostic test provides real-time information about the baby's heart rate and uterine contractions, enabling medical professionals to monitor and manage pregnancies and childbirth effectively.
