C erbA proteins, also known as thyroid hormone receptors (TRs), are a group of nuclear receptors that play a crucial role in mediating the effects of thyroid hormones in various physiological processes. These proteins are encoded by two genes called c erbA-alpha and c erbA-beta.
C erbA proteins belong to the superfamily of nuclear receptors, which are a class of transcription factors that regulate gene expression by binding to specific DNA sequences called hormone response elements. The binding of thyroid hormones to c erbA proteins results in the formation of receptor complexes that interact with the DNA and either activate or repress the transcription of target genes.
The main function of c erbA proteins is to regulate the metabolism and development of tissues in response to thyroid hormones. They are primarily found in the nucleus of cells and are expressed in a wide range of tissues, including the brain, heart, liver, and skeletal muscles.
In addition to their role in normal physiological processes, c erbA proteins have also been implicated in various pathological conditions. Mutations or dysregulation of these proteins can lead to disorders such as resistance to thyroid hormones or thyroid hormone excess, which can have detrimental effects on growth, metabolism, and development.
In summary, c erbA proteins are nuclear receptors that mediate the effects of thyroid hormones by binding to specific DNA sequences to regulate gene expression. They play a vital role in various physiological processes and their dysregulation can lead to serious health conditions.
