Pronunciation: [ba͡ɪ ɹˈiːzən] (IPA) 
The spelling of the phrase "by reason" is fairly straightforward. "By" is spelled with a "b" and a "y", representing the /baɪ/ sound. "Reason" is spelled with an "r", an "e", an "a", a "s", and an "o", representing the /riːzən/ sound. Together, the phrase is spelled "by reason" and is pronounced /baɪ ˈriːzən/. This phrase is often used to introduce the justification or cause for a particular statement or action.
By reason refers to something being done or determined based on rational or logical thinking, understanding, or argumentation. It implies that a decision or conclusion has been reached through careful consideration, analysis, and evaluation of facts and evidence. In this context, reason represents the ability to think logically, employing critical thinking skills and establishing cause-and-effect relationships.
When an action or decision is taken by reason, it indicates that it is based on sound judgment and thoughtful consideration rather than emotions or whims. By reason denotes a thoughtful and deliberate approach to problem-solving, decision-making, or argumentation, often relying on objective evidence and logical reasoning rather than personal biases or subjective opinions.
The phrase can also indicate a justification or explanation offered for a position or belief. In this context, by reason implies that the argument is supported by logical and factual grounds. It suggests that the given explanation is reasonable and persuasive, providing a logical basis for the claim or assertion being made.
Overall, "by reason" emphasizes the importance of employing critical thinking skills, logical reasoning, and careful analysis to reach conclusions, make decisions, or present arguments, demonstrating a thoughtfulness and rationality in one's actions and thinking.
The word "by" is derived from the Old English word "be" or "bi", which meant "near" or "at hand". It is ultimately derived from the Proto-Germanic word "bi", meaning "near" or "around". The word "reason" is derived from the Latin word "ratio", which means "reckoning", "calculation", or "reasoning". It is further derived from the Proto-Indo-European word "reǵ-", meaning "to straighten" or "to lead straight". Therefore, the word "by reason" suggests a proximity or connection to logic, calculation, or sound judgment.
