Burning Mouth Syndrome (BMS) is a chronic condition characterized by a persistent burning or painful sensation in the mouth, often with no identifiable cause or visible abnormalities. It primarily affects the tongue, but can also involve the lips, gums, palate, and throat. The pain and discomfort associated with BMS can range from mild to severe, and may be accompanied by other symptoms such as dryness, altered taste perception, tingling, or a metallic taste in the mouth.
The exact cause of BMS remains unknown, although several factors have been identified as potential contributors, including hormonal imbalances, nerve damage, nutritional deficiencies, oral infections, and psychological factors such as stress or anxiety. BMS typically occurs more commonly in middle-aged or older women, but can also affect men and individuals of any age.
Diagnosis of BMS involves ruling out other oral or systemic conditions that may cause similar symptoms through a comprehensive examination, medical history analysis, and sometimes laboratory tests. There is currently no specific cure for BMS, and treatment primarily focuses on managing and alleviating symptoms. This may involve a multidisciplinary approach, including the use of medications such as topical agents, antidepressants, or anticonvulsants, as well as behavioral interventions like stress management techniques or cognitive therapy. Additionally, adjustments to oral hygiene practices, avoiding certain trigger foods or substances (e.g., spicy or acidic foods, alcohol, tobacco), and maintaining good oral hydration may also provide relief.
Overall, Burning Mouth Syndrome is a chronic condition characterized by a persistent burning or painful sensation in the mouth, which requires a comprehensive approach to manage symptoms effectively.
