Burning Mouth Syndrome (BMS) is a chronic and inexplicable condition marked by a persistent, burning sensation or pain in the mouth, tongue, or other oral areas. It is characterized by a subjective burning feeling, often described as similar to scalding, tingling, or numbness, without any apparent visible signs or lesions in the oral cavity that could explain the discomfort. BMS primarily affects the tongue, though it may also extend to the lips, gums, throat, or palate.
Typically, the pain associated with Burning Mouth Syndrome appears suddenly and can persist for months or even years, causing significant distress and negatively impacting a person's quality of life. The discomfort may range from mild to severe, and its intensity can fluctuate throughout the day. The condition often worsens as the day progresses, with the pain peaking in the evening.
While its exact underlying cause remains unknown, BMS has been associated with various factors, including hormonal changes, vitamin deficiencies, allergies, certain medications, oral infections, nerve damage, and psychological conditions like anxiety or depression. Common risk factors include being middle-aged or elderly, being a postmenopausal woman, having a history of chronic pain conditions, and smoking.
Treatment for Burning Mouth Syndrome focuses on managing symptoms and can vary depending on the individual case. It often involves a multidisciplinary approach, combining dental care, medication, overall health management, stress reduction techniques, and counseling. Although BMS cannot be cured entirely, many people find relief through proper management and adjustments to lifestyle and oral care routines.
