Brutalist is a term used to describe the architectural style that was prominent during the mid-20th century. The word is spelled as [BROO-tuh-list] and is pronounced with stress on the first syllable. The IPA phonetic transcription of this word describes it as follows: /ˈbruːt(ə)lɪst/. The spelling of this word is derived from the French word 'brut,' meaning raw or unpolished. The architectural style seeks to emphasize the raw and unpolished nature of the building material used. Despite its controversial nature, Brutalist architecture has remained significant in the history of modern architecture.
Brutalist is an adjective that refers to a style of architecture that emerged in the mid-20th century. It is characterized by a raw and rugged appearance, with an emphasis on bold geometric shapes, exposed concrete surfaces, and a lack of decorative elements. The term "brutalist" is derived from the French word "brut," meaning "raw," as it reflects the rough, unfinished nature of the materials used in construction.
In a broader sense, "brutalist" can also be used to describe any creative work or design that exhibits a similar aesthetic, not limited to architecture. This can include furniture, sculpture, or even graphic design characterized by the use of harsh lines, stark symmetry, and an overall sense of simplicity.
Brutalist architecture gained popularity in the post-war era, particularly in the 1950s to the 1970s, as it was seen as a reflection of a modern, honest, and assertive approach to design. Its origins can be traced back to Le Corbusier's works, who sought to create functional and efficient buildings. The style became associated with governmental and institutional structures due to its imposing and monumental appearance, but also found its place in residential buildings, museums, and churches.
Despite being polarizing in terms of its visual appeal, brutalist architecture has left an indelible mark on the architectural landscape and continues to be celebrated and debated for its boldness, its ability to evoke strong emotions, and its contribution to the history of modernist design.
The word "brutalist" is derived from the term "béton brut", which is French for "raw concrete". It originated in the 1950s and 1960s architectural movement known as Brutalism. The term was coined by the architectural critic Reyner Banham, who used it to describe the characteristic use of exposed concrete in the new style of buildings that emerged during that period. The term "brutalist" refers to the raw and unfinished aesthetic of these buildings, emphasizing their use of concrete as an architectural feature. The movement aimed to showcase the honesty and functionality of structures, often reflecting a minimalist and monumental design approach.