A bolt action rifle is a type of firearm designed for single-shot operation, typically fired from the shoulder. The term "bolt action" originated from the action mechanism of the rifle, where the shooter manually moves a bolt handle to load and eject cartridges.
In a bolt action rifle, the shooter manually operates the bolt handle to open the breech, allowing a cartridge to be inserted into the chamber. Once the cartridge is in place, the shooter then closes the bolt, pushing it forward and locking it into position. This action simultaneously chambers the round and cocks the rifle's firing mechanism. To fire the rifle, the shooter must pull the trigger, which releases the firing pin to strike the primer on the cartridge, igniting the propellant and discharging the bullet.
Bolt action rifles often feature a detachable magazine or internal magazine with a limited round capacity, typically ranging from three to ten cartridges. The bolt action design offers inherent reliability, accuracy, and simplicity due to its sturdy construction, precise alignment of the chamber, and minimal moving parts. It is also known for its durability and ease of maintenance in various weather conditions.
Bolt action rifles are widely used for hunting, sport shooting, and military applications, prized for their accuracy and control. They come in various calibers and configurations, including long-range precision rifles, hunting rifles, and military service rifles.
