Beluga is a noun that refers to a large, white, and highly prized marine mammal belonging to the family Monodontidae. Scientifically known as Delphinapterus leucas, it is also commonly referred to as the white whale. Belugas are primarily found in the Arctic and subarctic regions of the world, inhabiting coastal waters, estuaries, and even some rivers. They are highly adapted to their icy environment, possessing a thick layer of blubber that helps keep them warm, despite the freezing temperatures.
Belugas are easily recognizable due to their distinct coloration and lack of a dorsal fin. Their bodies are mostly white, which allows them to effectively blend in with the sea ice. Their heads are round, and they have a prominent forehead called a melon. This melon is responsible for producing a range of vocalizations, including various clicks, whistles, and songs. These vocalizations are utilized for communication, echolocation, and even navigation.
The diet of belugas primarily consists of various fish and invertebrates, such as shrimp and squid. They are known to be social animals, often forming groups called pods, which can range in size from just a few individuals to many dozens. These pods are important for activities like breeding, migration, and protecting against predators.
Due to their striking appearance and captivating behavior, belugas have become a popular attraction in many aquariums and marine parks. However, their populations face several threats, including hunting, pollution, climate change, and habitat degradation. Consequently, belugas are considered a vulnerable species, and conservation efforts are vital for their long-term survival.
