Pronunciation: [bɪɡˈʌm] (IPA) 
Begum, pronounced /bɪˈɡʌm/, is a word of South Asian origin used to refer to a Muslim woman of high rank, such as a queen or princess. The spelling of this word is influenced by the Persian language, where it is written as بیگم. In English, the word is spelled as Begum and is commonly used to refer to the wives of Indian maharajas or Muslim rulers. The pronunciation of the word is simple, with a short vowel sound for "e" and a hard "g."
Begum is a noun that refers to a title of honor and respect given to a Muslim woman of high social standing or nobility in South Asian cultures, especially in the Indian subcontinent. The term is derived from the Persian word "bagham," meaning lady or queen.
In traditional usage, a begum is typically a wife of a high-ranking nobleman, such as a prince, sultan, or nawab. She is often recognized as a symbol of refinement, elegance, and grace within her community. The title may also be inherited by a widow or mother of a deceased nobleman, to uphold family prestige and honor.
A begum holds a position of influence and respect, often playing a significant role in her husband's political and social endeavors. She is expected to lead a life of sophistication, decorum, and cultural refinement, reflecting the values and traditions of her community.
Beyond its historical context, the term has also been used more generally to address or refer to any Muslim woman of distinction or prominence. It is important to note that the usage and significance of the title may vary across different cultures and regions, even within South Asia.
Overall, "begum" describes a woman of high social status, recognized for her noble lineage, refinement, and the role she plays within her community.
In the E. Indies, a princess or lady of high rank.
Etymological and pronouncing dictionary of the English language. By Stormonth, James, Phelp, P. H. Published 1874.
The word "begum" originates from Persian, which itself originated from the Turkish word "begüm". In Persian, "begüm" (بگم) is a combination of two words: "beg" (بیگ) meaning "chief" or "leader", and "üm" (ام), a suffix used to denote femininity. Therefore, "begum" means "lady of high rank" or "noble lady". The term was historically used to refer to a royal or noble woman in Muslim societies, particularly in the Indian subcontinent.
