The Battle of Poitiers refers to a pivotal military engagement that took place on September 19, 1356, during the Hundred Years' War. This clash transpired near the city of Poitiers, in central France, between the forces of the Kingdom of England, led by Edward, Prince of Wales (also known as the Black Prince), and the French army, under the command of King John II of France. The battle holds significant historical importance.
The encounter at Poitiers marked a critical moment in the Hundred Years' War, as it resulted in a resounding victory for the English, further weakening the French monarchy. The English army consisted of a smaller contingent, estimated at around 7,000 to 10,000 soldiers, compared to the French force of approximately 20,000 to 25,000.
The battle commenced with a strategic English ploy, utilizing both longbowmen and dismounting their cavalry to fight on foot. This approach proved formidable, as the English successfully repelled multiple waves of French attacks. The day ended with a decisive English triumph, capturing King John II and many high-ranking French nobles. This event subsequently led to the Treaty of Brétigny in 1360, which granted significant territorial and financial concessions to the English.
The Battle of Poitiers became renowned for Edward, the Black Prince's valor and military prowess. It remained an emblematic feat in English military history, symbolizing the efficacy of the longbow and tactical adaptability. Additionally, this battle had far-reaching consequences for the Hundred Years' War, ultimately shaping its outcome and influencing subsequent political developments.
