Basculation is a term that is primarily used in the field of equestrian sports, particularly dressage and equitation, to describe a specific movement or action performed by a horse. It refers to the skill or ability of a horse to arch or round its back and engage its hindquarters while moving or performing certain maneuvers.
The term is derived from the French word "bascule," which means "seesaw" or "teeter-totter." When a horse exhibits basculation, it essentially creates a rounded and oscillating motion with its body, resembling the movement of a seesaw. This action is desirable in equestrian disciplines as it demonstrates the horse's balance, suppleness, and athleticism.
Basculation is often observed when a horse is jumping over obstacles, particularly in show jumping or eventing. During a jump, the horse extends its front legs while tucking its hind legs beneath its body, creating a rounded shape in its back and a spring-like motion. This allows the horse to clear the jump efficiently and ensures its balance and maneuverability in mid-air.
In dressage, basculation is desirable during movements such as collected or extended gaits, half-passes, and pirouettes. It aids in the horse's ability to maintain its balance, engage its hindquarters, and perform precise, elegant movements.
Overall, basculation highlights the horse's physical prowess, suppleness, and ability to efficiently use its body in various movements or tasks, making it an essential skill in high-level equestrian disciplines.
