Australian Q fever, also known as Australian Query Fever, is a zoonotic disease caused by the bacterium Coxiella burnetii, primarily found in animals. It is prevalent in Australia and is characterized by flu-like symptoms and can lead to severe complications if left untreated. The bacterium is commonly found in kangaroos, cattle, sheep, and other domestic animals, as well as ticks and fleas that infest these animals.
Transmission of this infectious disease to humans mostly occurs through inhalation of contaminated dust particles from animal waste or contact with infected animals or their bodily fluids. People at higher risk of contracting Australian Q fever include farmers, abattoir workers, veterinarians, and those who work in close contact with infected animals or their products.
Symptoms typically appear 2-3 weeks after exposure and include sudden fever, severe headaches, muscle pain, fatigue, chills, and sweating. Respiratory symptoms such as a dry cough and chest pain may also manifest. In some cases, the infection can progress to a chronic form, leading to complications like pneumonia, hepatitis, or endocarditis.
Diagnosis of Australian Q fever is usually made through blood tests that detect specific antibodies against the bacterium. Treatment typically involves antibiotics to combat the infection, but the disease can be prevented through vaccination.
Precautionary measures include practicing good hygiene, using personal protective equipment when dealing with animals or their waste, and avoiding high-risk areas. It is essential to raise awareness about Australian Q fever among individuals working in the livestock industry or residing in at-risk regions to ensure early diagnosis, prompt treatment, and prevent further spread of the disease.
