Asthma nocturnum, also known as nocturnal asthma, is a medical condition characterized by an exacerbation of asthma symptoms during the night or early morning hours. It is a type of asthma that specifically affects individuals while they sleep, leading to nighttime coughing, wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and interrupted sleep patterns.
The underlying cause of asthma nocturnum is not fully understood, but several contributing factors have been identified. These factors include reduced lung function during sleep, increased sensitivity of the airways, hormonal changes, exposure to allergens or irritants in the bedroom environment, and the body's natural circadian rhythm.
Individuals with asthma nocturnum often experience increased inflammation and narrowing of the airways during the night, resulting in the classic symptoms of asthma. This can significantly impact the quality of sleep, leading to daytime fatigue, reduced concentration, and overall decreased quality of life.
Treatment for asthma nocturnum typically involves a combination of medications, lifestyle modifications, and environmental control measures. Medications may include short-acting bronchodilators to quickly relieve symptoms, long-acting bronchodilators to prevent symptoms during the night, and inhaled corticosteroids to manage underlying airway inflammation. Lifestyle modifications may include avoiding triggers such as allergens or irritants, maintaining a healthy weight, regular exercise, and adhering to a regular sleep schedule.
In conclusion, asthma nocturnum refers to the manifestation of asthma symptoms during sleep or in the early morning hours. It requires proper management and treatment to control symptoms and improve quality of life for individuals affected by this condition.
