Arteritis Giant Cell Horton, also known as giant cell arteritis (GCA) or Horton's disease, is a chronic inflammatory condition that primarily affects the large and medium-sized arteries, particularly those in the head and neck. It is characterized by the presence of giant cells, which are large cells with multiple nuclei, in the inflamed arterial walls.
This condition mainly affects individuals over the age of 50, with a higher prevalence among women. The exact cause of Arteritis Giant Cell Horton is unknown, but it is believed to involve an autoimmune response, in which the body's immune system mistakenly attacks the arterial walls. Genetic factors and environmental triggers may also play a role in its development.
Arteritis Giant Cell Horton commonly presents with symptoms such as severe headaches, scalp tenderness, jaw pain, and vision problems. If left untreated, it can potentially lead to blindness or other complications, such as stroke or aortic aneurysm.
The diagnosis of Arteritis Giant Cell Horton is typically made through a combination of clinical evaluation, blood tests, and imaging studies, such as a biopsy or ultrasound. Treatment often involves the use of corticosteroid medications, which help to reduce inflammation and prevent further damage to the arteries. Long-term management may also include other immunosuppressive drugs to control the disease and prevent relapses.
Overall, Arteritis Giant Cell Horton is a chronic inflammatory condition that primarily affects the arteries, causing symptoms such as headaches and vision problems. Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment are crucial in preventing serious complications and improving the quality of life for affected individuals.
