ARTERIOLAE Meaning and
Definition
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Arteriolae, also known as arterioles, are small blood vessels that branch off from larger arteries and connect to capillaries. They are a vital component of the circulatory system, serving as a key point of control in regulating blood flow and blood pressure.
Measuring around 10 to 100 micrometers in diameter, arteriolae are significantly smaller than arteries. They have thin, muscular walls made up of smooth muscle tissue, which allows them to constrict or dilate, thereby controlling the amount of blood flowing into capillaries. This ability to change their diameter is essential in regulating blood pressure and directing blood to specific areas of the body. These vessels also help to maintain blood flow by distributing pressure evenly between large arteries and fragile capillaries.
Arteriolae play a crucial role in regulating blood pressure through a process called vasoconstriction and vasodilation. When arteriolar smooth muscle contracts, it causes vasoconstriction, which narrows the vessel and reduces blood flow. Conversely, when these muscles relax, it results in vasodilation, widening the arteriolae and increasing blood flow. This mechanism enables the body to divert blood to areas of higher demand, such as during physical activity or in response to external stimuli.
Overall, arteriolae serve as a bridge connecting the high-pressure arterial system to the lower-pressure capillary bed. Their ability to constrict and dilate allows them to regulate blood flow and blood pressure, which is crucial for maintaining proper circulation throughout the body.
Etymology of ARTERIOLAE
The word "arteriolae" is derived from the Latin term "arteriola", which is the diminutive form of "arteria", meaning "artery". In Latin, "arteriola" refers to a small artery or a small branch of an artery. The -ae ending in "arteriolae" is the plural form in Latin. So, "arteriolae" means "small arteries" in English.
