Arrhythmus, also known as arrhythmia, is a medical term used to describe an abnormal rhythm or irregularity in the beating of the heart. It refers to the condition where the normal sequence of electrical impulses that control the heartbeat is disrupted, causing the heart to beat too quickly, too slowly, or in an erratic pattern.
The heart has its own electrical system that regulates its contractions, normally resulting in a regular and coordinated heartbeat. However, in cases of arrhythmus, this orderly pattern is disturbed, leading to a range of symptoms that may include palpitations, dizziness, fatigue, and shortness of breath. Arrhythmus can be the result of various underlying causes, including heart disease, high blood pressure, electrolyte imbalances, medication side effects, alcohol or drug abuse, stress, or inherited genetic conditions.
There are different types of arrhythmus, such as tachycardia (a fast heart rate), bradycardia (a slow heart rate), atrial fibrillation (an irregular and rapid heartbeat), and ventricular arrhythmias (referred to as life-threatening abnormal rhythms). Diagnosis of arrhythmus typically involves a thorough medical history, physical examination, and various tests such as electrocardiogram (ECG), Holter monitoring, stress test, or echocardiogram.
Treatment for arrhythmus depends on the type, severity, and underlying cause. It may involve lifestyle changes, medications, electrical cardioversion, catheter ablation, or implantation of devices such as pacemakers or defibrillators. In some cases, arrhythmus can be managed successfully, allowing individuals to live normal lives, while severe cases may require prompt medical intervention to prevent complications such as stroke or cardiac arrest.
