Appoggiato, in music, refers to a specific technique used in vocal and instrumental music, particularly in opera, often denoted by the Italian term "appoggiatura." Derived from the verb "appoggiare," which means "to lean upon" or "to support," appoggiato describes a musical ornamentation where a non-chord tone is approached by a stepwise melodic motion from a consonant note and then resolved melodically downward.
The appoggiato is characterized by a distinct expressive quality as it creates a temporary harmonic tension and slows the forward motion of the music. This technique adds emotion, suspense, and dramatic effect to the composition, providing a momentary deviation from the underlying harmonies.
The appoggiato is typically written as a small grace note with a diagonal stroke, indicating that the note is approached and resolved quickly, usually occurring on the beat or slightly before. The performer slightly emphasizes the appoggiato before resolving to the desired note with a gentle pull or leaning gesture.
In vocal music, the appoggiato technique is commonly used to embellish or decorate melodic lines, adding a layer of beauty and emotion. In instrumental music, such as piano or string solos, the appoggiato technique is often employed to enhance the expressiveness and lyrical qualities of the melody.
Overall, the appoggiato technique is an integral part of Western art music's rich historical tradition, providing a means for musicians to evoke deep emotions, convey expressive intentions, and captivate audiences through its unique ornamentation.
